Which CAMBRA framework lists its three core components?

• A. CAMBRA; disease indicators, risk factors, protective factors
• B. CAMBRA; disease indicators, protective factors, risk factors
• C. CAMBRA; disease indicators, risk factors, protective factors
• D. CAMBRA; protective factors, risk factors, dietary factors

Answer: (A)

CAMBRA framework for caries risk assessment uses three core components: disease indicators, risk factors, protective factors. Disease indicators are signs of current caries activity, such as cavitated lesions or radiographic evidence. Risk factors are conditions that increase caries risk, including high sugar exposure, inadequate fluoride, poor oral hygiene, and reduced salivary flow. Protective factors are elements that help prevent caries, like fluoride use, adequate saliva, sealants, and protective dietary choices. The order reflects how you interpret a patient’s status: first identify existing disease, then consider what increases risk beyond that disease, and finally identify factors that can actively reduce risk to guide management. Other options misplace these components or treat dietary factors as a separate core category, which isn’t how CAMBRA organizes its three core components.